Rabbit proof fence free essay sample

In the event that you request your custom research paper from our custom composing administration you will get a totally composed task on Rabbit Proof Fence. What we need from you is to furnish us with your definite paper directions for our accomplished authors to follow the entirety of your particular composing necessities. Determine your request subtleties, express the specific number of pages required and our custom composing experts will convey the best quality Rabbit Proof Fence paper exactly on schedule. Out staff of independent essayists incorporates more than 120 specialists capable in Rabbit Proof Fence, consequently you can have confidence that your task will be dealt with by just top of the line masters. Request your Rabbit Proof Fence paper at moderate costs with LivePaperHelp. com! Bunny Proof Fence ? Coordinated by Phillip Noyce (001) The film Rabbit Proof Fence is suggestive of a war story as the nation has been attacked and dominated. The intruders are removing the kids and setting them in camps. We will compose a custom exposition test on Bunny confirmation fence or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Just three figure out how to escape on their epic excursion home they should cross through foe involved region, never knowing companion from enemy. The film Rabbit Proof Fence and the book The Stolen Children their accounts altered via Carmel Bird plans to force its qualities and mentalities on the responder, which constrains the watcher to receive this point of view, along these lines prompting a change. Both these writings utilize the language of compassion to force their viewpoints on their crowd. This is viably accomplished using a visual and oral medium as it permits the chief to utilize compassionate language subsequently permitting the crowd to improve the intensity of comprehension and inventively going into another person’s emotions. There are numerous strategies used to empower the crowd to grasp this point of view. Phillip Noyce, executive of Rabbit Proof Fence not just depicts the provincial setting of the time yet additionally approaches the story with deference and comprehension of the social conventions that are required. The Film is valid as it depends on a genuine story. The realness of the film can be demonstrated as it has been recorded in the nearby press just as in the documents of the division of Native issues. Besides Molly and Daisy are as yet alive also, film of them is appeared toward the finish of the film. This recording gives the film a feeling of the real world. The executive Phillip Noyce guaranteed that the film was socially appropriated, by utilizing Pilkington Garimara, Molly’s girl who is additionally the creator of Following the Rabbit Proof Fence, which the film depends on. Molly can talk from individual experience, as she was a piece of the taken age. Phillip Noyce utilizes the widespread language of feelings to change people groups viewpoints of the taken age. This is accomplished locally as well as universally. Compose my Essay on Rabbit Proof Fence for me The crowd turns out to be sincerely overpowered during the children’s epic excursion home. The crowd can unequivocally recognize themselves with the three young ladies because of the way that they are youthful, honest and frail. The crowd can without much of a stretch associate with the young ladies for we have all been youngsters. The watcher before long ends up on the children’s side, in their point of view and relating to them, the watcher assumes the viewpoint of the taken age. Carmel Bird has utilized a composed book that contains a report of isolated oral records of the indigenous people groups past she tries to detail the varying circumstances and results of these individuals. The film Rabbit Proof Fence remains as one story that speaks to them all. The unmistakable significance of the individual voices in The Stolen Children is supplanted in the film by a serious visual. This visual portrayal accentuated using images, for example, the fence and the bird, which represents Molly’s opportunity. Hare Proof Fence remains as a true to life simple of Carmel Bird’s Stolen youngsters. The chief uses film strategies to control the audience’s observation just as he would prefer. During the sincerely charged scene where a neighborhood cop tears the young ladies from their mother’s arms, Phillip Noyce utilizes ground level camera edges that stay aware of the activity, furthernore emersing the crowd in the awful activity. Another film strategy utilized is the main individual film procedure that has the impact of depicting the occasions of the taken ages as though they were not seen outside the perspective on history, in this manner precisely catching the fierceness of government strategy towards the indigenous populace. Another procedure is the utilization of music to make the mind-set and air. Subside Gabriel’s soundtrack Long Walk Home attracts capacity to the scenes. Gabriel has effectively mixed customary native instruments, for example, the didgeridoo with the cutting edge instruments to pull back sensational feeling. Molly’s point of view of the camp â€Å"I abhor this spot, makes me sick† drives her to take her kin and begin a 1600 kilometer long excursion back home, all they needed to control them was the hare confirmation fence a 1800 mile long milestone that divides Western Australia from north to south. Unexpectedly similar individuals who needed to keep them from home had assembled the fence that guided them home. The definitive second in the pursuit that structures Rabbit Proof Fence is the disarray between two bunny verification wall. The young ladies have reluctantly wound up on an inappropriate fence this misstep supernaturally spared them from being recovered by Mr Neville. The Rabbit Proof Fence is utilized as a gadget to authorize the destruction of the unalterable straight of native individuals, over the endeavor at precise slaughter. Hence drawing an equal between Aboriginal freedom and detainment. A. O. Neville the defender of natives speaks to the restricting point of view of the administration; he is depicted as a cold however ‘rational’ character that has confidence in his motivation. A British entertainer plays this character so as to feature that the bigot points of view are leftovers from the British Colonial period. Neville administrates the legislatures â€Å"assimilation† program that’s point was to isolate half-cast native kids from their families and culture to then change over them to Christianity and train them. The point of view of the white individuals at the time was that by incorporating them into the white society and reproducing them out they would be spared from their own â€Å"primitive savagery†. â€Å"By the third era the native has essentially been breed outâ€Å" â€Å"in hate of himself the local must be helped† â€Å"The issue of half cast isn't just going to leave. On the off chance that it isn't managed now it will putrefy for a considerable length of time to come. These kids are that issue. † These statements give adequate proof that the constrained expulsion approaches were an endeavor at methodical annihilation. The loss of character. culture and family that is so significantly accentuated in the voices area of The Stolen Children is additionally found in Rabbit Proof Fence. The crucial where the indigenous individuals are deprived of their direct; this is delineated in a few different ways. They are not permitted to communicate in their own language this lead to loss of language culture. The more you appear to be at the crucial a greater amount of your way of life you overlook. â€Å"They have no moms, no body have any moms. † This statement makes a visual picture of girl cut off from association with mother. This symbolism is additionally use on the intro page off Carmel Bird’s text. In the presentation she discusses a cutting off from the umbilical line. This is an amazing film that strikes at the core of Australian history and its present qualities. Moreover is has adequately changed the viewpoint of the watcher and globally educated many regarding the enduring of the taken ages. The film has likewise raised the issue of a national conciliatory sentiment. â€Å"Something needs to shock our political pioneers without hesitation on Aboriginal compromise. Ideally this film demonstrates to e the impetus. † John Hewson. previous national Liberal pioneer. If it's not too much trouble note that this example paper on Rabbit Proof Fence is for your audit as it were. So as to take out any of the copyright infringement issues, it is enthusiastically suggested that you don't utilize it for you own composing purposes. In the event that you experience troubles with composing a very much organized and precisely created paper on Rabbit Proof Fence, we are here to help you. Your modest custom school paper on Rabbit Proof Fence will be composed without any preparation, so you don't need to stress over its creativity. Request your credible task from LivePaperHelp. com and you will be astonished at the fact that it is so natural to finish a quality custom paper inside the briefest time conceivable! Hare Proof Fence free paper test All excursions require a solid feeling of ones mankind so as to be effective. In ken Watsons collection â€Å"at the round Earth envisioned corners† ‘A exemplary day by Mudrooroo and Journey to the interior’ by Margret Atwood and just as the film ‘Rabbit Proof Fence’ by Phillip Noyce have all extended my comprehension of excursions to myself people and the world. Through these writings we can watch various parts of an excursion. Excursions are fundamental in life since they train us to conquer difficulty in this manner fortifying out feeling of soul, that excursions can be intellectually or physiologically testing that they defy our rational soundness and excursions genuinely and intellectually reinforcing us as person helping us find who we truly are. In Ken Watsons Anthology â€Å"At the round earths envisioned corners the part of excursions extending ones information on themselves, people and the world is investigated through the

Battle of Thermopylae

The ascent of the Achaemenid Empire in the sixth century BC is covered in fog of days of yore. It sprang in the locale incorporating present day southern Iran and Iraq. A different gathering of clans of Indo-European beginning filling in as vassals to the Medes controlled the area east of Tigris from their capital Ecbatana (close Hamadan). Here, around 650 BC the religion of Zoroastrianism was established joining the masses as an edified people into a political force.In 559 BC an ardent Zoroastrian, Cyrus turned into the leader of a dark clan and he set about joining the other into a battling power and in five years he had crushed the Medes and vanquished all Persia. Lydia in Asia Minor and Babylon before long followed and when he kicked the bucket, as Cyrus the Great in 529 BC had established the Persian Empire. After his passing, his child Cambyses vanquished Egypt in 525 BC. Without a doubt, the development had been fast to such an extent that uprisings jumped up and it fell upon Cambyses’s child Darius (The Great) to control these uprisings and organization satrapies or self-administering states over the empire.It was sheer managerial virtuoso, military arranging with a humanistic view that changed different clans into an impressive politically influential nation. By the fifth century Persian force stretched out from the waterway Indus to the shores of Mediterranean, North Africa, Thrace, Greece and Macedonia on the European mainland. Following the breakdown of the Mycenaean human advancement enormous quantities of Greeks moved to Asia Minor and huge among them were three innate gatherings, Aeolians, Dorian and Ionians who settled around Lydia and Caria building up twelve urban areas which made up Ionia.These were autonomous states however they all recognized a typical legacy. They delighted in this status till they were vanquished by the Lydian King Croesus. The Ionians were welcomed by Cyrus the Great to oppose Lydian rule which was turned down com pelling Cyrus to vanquish Ionia in 540 BC and from there on to be managed by neighborhood satraps. During the standard of Darius the Great in 499 BC the urban areas of Ionia were impelled to insubordination to the despots speaking to Persian guideline and in 498 BC the Ionians with help from Athens and Eretria annihilated Sardis inciting the Persians into definitively beating them at the skirmish of Ephesus.The Ionian Rebellion was the principal significant clash between the Greeks and the Persian Empire. Asia Minor was stifled however Darius the Great considered the to be Greek states as a danger to the strength of the Empire and was twisted after overcoming the entire of Greece. In 492 BC as an outcome of this resistance initial steps were taken to make sure about land courses to Greece by re-taking Thrace and compelling Macedonia to turn into a customer territory of Persia. In 491 BC Darius sent emissaries to Greek urban communities looking for their submission.Most agreed to the terms however Athens put the diplomats to death and in Sparta they were tossed down a well. In this way the two urban communities were presently successfully at war with Persia. Darius next dispatched a power which attacked and demolished Noxos and Eretria and afterward stood up to a tremendously dwarfed Athenian armed force at Marathon. The following skirmish of Marathon was a momentous triumph for Athens bringing about the withdrawal of the power to Asia Minor. A significant crusade against Greece was currently in readiness when Darius passed on in 486 BC leaving child Xerxes I in command.A disobedience in Egypt postponed progress on this front and arrangements continued once the resistance had been controlled. By mid 480 BC Xerxes was prepared and walked his military over the Hellespont to Europe utilizing barge spans. Spartans and Athenians were additionally getting ready for war and in 481 BC the Congress of Corinth was held at which confederation of the city states was framed and they believed that the trespasser would need to navigate the restricted go at Thermopylae on approach to southern Greece, which could be hindered by a littler force.Furthermore, to forestall Persians bypassing Thermopylae via ocean a maritime flotilla accumulated to square waterway of Artemisium. It was August when the Persians showed up. This is a season when the Spartans commend the celebration of Carneia and the Olympic games. A period of ceasefire, during which war is illegal yet the desperation of the circumstance convinced King Leonides I of Sparta to take 300 regal protectors and bolster troops as a development campaign to hinder the pass and anticipate the appearance of the principle Spartan army.According to history specialist Herodotus the Spartans had counseled the Oracle of Delphi, (The high priestess of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, Pythia) was credited with forces of prediction O ye men who abide in the boulevards of expansive Lacedaemon! Either your brilliant t own will be sacked by the offspring of Perseus, Or, in return, should all through the entire Laconian nation Mourn for the departure of a lord, relative of incredible Heracles (Rawlinson interpretation of Herodotus VII, 242) with regards to this prescience Leonides I was persuaded he was heading off to certain death.Once the Persians were located the Allies chose to hold fast at Thermopylae. The Persians offered give up terms and asked the Greeks to set out their weapons to which Leonides 1 is said to have reacted â€Å"come and get them† (Holland, p269â€270). The Persians had gathered a mind-boggling power despite the fact that history specialists don’t appear to concede to an exact number. Current researchers gauges change from 25,000 (Hans Delbruck) to 100,000 - 200,000 (Ulrich Wilcken and Tom Holland). There were 11,000 - 12,000 Greeks in a joined force.Five days subsequent to showing up Xerxes propelled a frontal assault. The Greeks shaped a phalanx of covering shields and layered lance focuses over the width of the pass preventing the Persians from getting through. This demonstrated best as the wicker shields and shorter lances of the Persians forestalled a powerful commitment. On the second day as well, the Persians fared no better however soon thereafter the Persians found support from a double crosser in finding a mountain way round the pass in this way out-flanking and circling the Greeks.Some recommended withdrawal, yet Leonides set out to remain with the Spartans at the Pass framing a back watchman to empower other partnered contingents to pull back. At first light on the third day the Allies approached to the more extensive piece of the go to connect with the Persians. They battled with lances and short blades and Leonides 1 additionally died in this ambush. From that point the Persian encompassed the Greeks and poured down volley after volley of bolts opening up the go to the Persians who continued to consume and sack refers to w hich had not submitted. Xerxes then withdrew back to Asia leaving a Satrap to finish the conquest.Thermopylae was without a doubt a destruction for the Allies yet is ostensibly the most acclaimed skirmish of European old history. References Bradford, Ernle (2004). Thermopylae: The Battle for the West. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0306813602. Cartledge, Paul (2006). Thermopylae: The Battle That Changed the World. Woodstock, New York: The Overlook Press. ISBN 1585675660. Green, Peter (1996). The Greco-Persian Wars. College of California Press. ISBN 0520203135. Pressfield, Steven (1998). Doors of Fire: An Epic Novel of the Battle of Thermopylae. Doubleday. ISBN 0385492910.

Hammond

Hammond Hammond. 1 City (1990 pop. 84,236), Lake co., extreme NW Ind., bounded by Lake Michigan, the Ill. state line, and the Little Calumet River, and traversed by the Grand Calumet River; settled 1851, inc. 1884. Originally important as a slaughterhouse site, Hammond was a meatpacking town until its great packing house was destroyed by fire in 1901. Manufactures include foods, fabricated metal and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, and transportation equipment. It has secondary steel processing and fire brick refractories. A campus of Purdue Univ. is there. 2 City (1990 pop. 15,871), Tangipahoa parish, SE La.; inc. 1888. Truck farms, beef and dairy cattle, and timber are important. Manufactures include building materials, consumer goods, paper and metal products, and machinery. There is also meat processing. The city is the seat of Southeastern Louisiana Univ. and the home of the Black Heritage Festival. Zemurry Gardens and the Global Wildlife Park also are there. The Colum bia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

Alexander the Great - The Famous Man in History - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2153 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/04/07 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Alexander The Great Essay Did you like this example? One name always comes to mind when the word king is brought up, and that name is Alexander The Great. Being the most dominant king history has ever seen he and his army couldnt be stopped by opposing ancient armies. Alexander was brought up learning what it takes to be a leader by his father, king of Macedonia Philip II even though he wasnt around so often. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Alexander the Great The Famous Man in History" essay for you Create order Eager to learn from a young age Alexander found himself learning from one of ancient Greeks legendary philosophers Aristotle. Alexander was basically set up for success right from the start and took full advantage of the powerful military forces that his father had left him. With the knowledge, power, and success he had over his lifetime there is no questioning his greatness. Alexanders early life is very important to his success later in life. Born in the Greek kingdom of Macedonia on July 20, 356 B.C. to King Philip II and his mother Queen Olympia. They lived in Pellas royal court. Pella was a royal city in Macedonia where Alexander was born and raised. As a child Alexander barely saw his father. Growing up, the dark-eyed and curly-headed Alexander hardly ever saw his father, who spent most of his time engaged in military campaigns and extra-marital affairs (Biography.com). King Philip II was highly involved with his military and spent lots of his time focusing on it. Which left his mother Queen Olympia to impact Alexanders home life on an everyday basis. Olympias drove Alexander into his role as king basically since birth. She would constantly remind him of his royal backgrounds from both Philip II and her father King Neoptolemus, she also fed Alexander information of his ties with Achilles. Education was very important to Alexander in his early life as it is for anybody. Alexander had several tutors in his child. His first tutor was a family relative Leonidas of Epirus, hired to teach mathematics, archery, and horsemanship to Alexander but had a difficult time controlling him. Next in line was tutor Lysimachus. Lysimachus approached Alexanders education differently. He used role playing to keep young Alexander focused. Alexander was educated by the great philosopher Aristotle of Stagira (livius.org). Out of all of Alexanders educators Aristotle is the most successful, and most influential to him. Aristotle studied at Platos academy in Athens for twenty years, until he was called upon by King Philip II. Teaching Alexander for seven years until he was to take his role as king. The two even communicated during his travels by writing letters. Aristotle influenced Alexanders love for reading, which is why Alexander always had a book on his Military campaigns. After finishing his education Alexander became a soldier in his fathers army. His first battle experience was with the Thracian tribes. Following this military expedition Alexander took control of the Companion Cavalry in 338 B.C. Leading this Cavalry was huge promotion from being just a soldier in the army. Against overwhelming odds, he led his army to victories across the Persian territories of Asia Minor, Syria and Egypt without suffering a single defeat (BBC.com). Alexander led his cavalry to victory over the Theban and Athenian armies at Chaeronea. This military alliance between Alexander and his father didnt last too long after this war. This happened right after all Greek states were united by King Philip II. Except for the Greek state of Sparta. After this successful reign of uniting all of these Greek states Alexander and his fathers relationship soon fell to pieces. King Philip II then married Cleopatra, driving Alexanders mother Olympia and Alexander out of Macedonia. Alex ander continued to live with his mothers side of the family until him and his father King Philip II were able to put their differences aside and reunite. Alexander didnt have the easiest path to becoming the great king and ruler that he known for today. Alexanders sister had gotten married to her uncle Alexander the Molossian King. Celebrating this moment in his daughters life King Philip II was murdered by one of his Macedonian nobles. Even though they always did not have the best the relationship Alexander looked up to his father and at nine teen years old was highly determined to be the next king of Macedonia. Determined and ready to take control Alexander had to make some big moves, he was quickly able to gain strong support from his fathers highly trained and loyal army. This wasnt very hard for him to gain the support of these Macedonian soldier due to him previously fighting side by side with them at the battle of Chaeronea. King Philip IIs army already consider Alexander their new king. They were willing to do anything in their power to make sure he was the one taking his fathers spot their new leader. The army backing Alexand ers come up as king murdered anybody who even a threat to becoming the new king of Macedonia helping him in a major way. His soon to be army wasnt his only back up helping him to his throne. Alexanders mother Olympia was always there for him, practically raised him by herself due to the majority of his fathers time spent training his army and ruling over Macedonia. Olympia wanted nothing more than to watch her son succeed in life and take control over an entire kingdom. Olympia basically sealed the deal of Alexander taking over by murdering King Philip II and Cleopatras daughter ensuring the her or her husband would not be able to take control. The death of Cleopatras daughter eventually led to her committing suicide as well. After all of his effort to control the kingdom Alexander remained the feudal king of Macedonia. Even though he accomplished the rule of Macedonia Alexander had absolutely zero control of the Corinthian league. After KIng Philips death some of the Greek states began to divide from each other, especially the southern ones who were actually celebrating the death of King Philip II. Athens was having their own plans of taking over the Corinthian league which will eventually make it even harder for Alexander to take full control of the league. One of Alexanders first moves was sending his new highly trained army south and persuaded the region of Thessaly into thinking he is the new crowned leader of the Corinthian league. After that persuasion, Alexander attended a meeting of Corinthian league members at Thermopylae. Alexander quickly gained the fellow members support of his leadership. Following this support Alexander reissued treaties with Greek states that had all been members of the Corinthian league. The only problem the Corinthian league had faced was Athens still not agreeing and refusing to agree with the league. Alexander had also received absolute control over the leagues military forces to take over the persian empire. Alexander proved his knowledge right away by taking control of the the Thracian Triballians which gave him full control of Macedonias northern border, having control of all borders is very crucial in battles. During the end of Alexanders conquering of the north border he had received information that Thebes forced out all of the Macedonian troops that had been staying there. With Macedonian troops being forced out and Athens not agreeing with the Corinthian league Alexander was forced to take a stand. Alexander took his highly trained, very big army which consisted of 3,000 cavalry and 30,000 infantry soldiers south to the tip of the Greek peninsula. During all these moves that Alexander had been making his general Parmenion had also been making moves into the Asian Minor. Alexander and his forces arrived in Thebes so quickly that the city-state didnt have a chance to pull together allies for its defense. (Biography.com) Only three days after him and his army arrived in thebes he began a massacre. Alexander didnt just lead a massacre for no reason. Alexander did this to send a message to any Greek states that were even considering to revolt that they should think twice, Alexander and his army showed no mercy what so ever. Alexanders intimidation plan couldnt have worked any better. With fear for their own states all Greek states including Athens who originally wanted full control of the Corinthian league pledged their allegiance or at least agreed to remain neutral with Alexanders very powerful Macedonian empire. Alexander then pursued his Asiatic expedition in 334, and also arrived in Troy that spring. Alexander then defeated the persian army who was led by King Darius III. After defeating King Darius III for the first time Alexander led his army along the southern coast of the Asian MInor, once making it there Alexander and his army rested and regathered for the winter. The summer following Alexanders winter of rest he had come face to face with King Darius III and his army once again. After the defeat of Darius III at Gaugamela in 331 BCE, Alexander realized it was necessary to replace his forces depleted numbers, welcoming new recruits into his army (ancient.eu). This battle at Issus shows Alexanders military knowledge and his ability to handle adversity, he set up his out numbered armies in strategic formation causing the persians to retreat from the battle. Alexander expanded his power and rule by capturing King Darius III, making himself the new king of Persia. Defeating King Darius III led to Alexander want to conquer more and more. Next up to face his wrath was Egypt. Surrounding Gaza with his army causing Egypt to fall without even putting up a fight. He then created and named a city Alexandria which was used to recognise Greek culture. Having such militarial success Alexander defeated the Persian once again in the battle of Guagamela.With the collapse of the Persian army, Alexander became King of Babylon, King of Asia, King of the Four Quarters of the World. (Biography.com) He then proceeded to take control of Iran making Macedonian cities spreading his culture.Taking control of the fortress of Ariamazes. He also married the princess daughter Rhoxana after Prince Oxyartes. Alexander defeated King Porus military forces in northern India.This was no walk in the park for Alexander like a couple of his previous battles like Egypt. Alexander being so impressed by King Porus kept him as king of his land.After trying to move his army east towards the Ganges his army refused to travel. Alexander was attacked and hurt by Malli warriors on his journey back on the Indus. After recovering from his injuries Alexander he wasted no time having his army travel along the Persian coast. Many of Alexanders soldiers had died in this journey a majority of them due to illnesses. Alexander finally had arrived at the city of Susa. Wanting to keep his power Alexander had to recruit a lot more men into his army. Trying to bring his rule together Alexander forced Macedonians to marry Persian princesses. Alexander was able to recruit thousand and thousands of Persian soldiers into his militarial force.He quickly lost his relationship with Macedonian soldiers after dropping them f rom his army. Eager to gain back his Macedonian loyalty he killed thirteen persian leaders making yet another statement. Alexander the Great died surprisingly not from battle but by the disease of malaria in Babylon, on June 13, 323 B.C. Alexanders death at age 32 was a true tragedy. . Rhoxana who he had married had his son a couple months after Alexander had lost his life. He had conquered more land. And had more power of so many states almost too much to imagine. Till this day no single leader has out preformed Alexander The Great. All good things do come to an end though, Alexanders hard earned empire was quickly destroyed. States from Alexanders empire were battling with each other for power of what he had created. One thing Alexanders empire left behind was his strong Greek culture. He was widely despised by many of the subject Greeks, whose attitude might best be summed up by the comment attributed to one Athenian orator who, when informed of Alexanders death, replied, What? Alexander dead? Impossible! The world would reek of his corpse! In the end, his achievement appears to have been a grand adventure tied to his own personal ambitions (history.com). States within his empire lived with Alexanders culture and continued to do so. Alexander The Great was by far the most successful leader of all time. He will always be in our worlds history, and will never be forgotten. Works Cited Alexander and Aristotle. Alexander and Aristotle Livius. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2017. Alexander the Great. Biography.com. AE Networks Television, 28 Apr. 2017. Web. 28 Apr. 2017 BBC History Alexander the Great. BBC News. BBC, 2014. Web. 28 Apr. 2017. History.com Staff. Alexander the Great. History.com. AE Television Networks, 2009. Web. 28 Apr. 2017. Wasson, Donald L. The Army of Alexander the Great. Ancient History Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2017.

Benjamin Franklin And The American Revolution - 1375 Words

Provide loyalty to country, thyself, or family? These are the important questions Benjamin Franklin, William Franklin and George Hewes asked themselves during the years prior to the American Revolution and influenced their political and personal actions henceforth. The American colonists and British were a politically divided population during the 1770’s. British subjects were separated by their support of three political principles, supporting independence from Britain, the Patriots, remaining with Britain, the Loyalists and those neutral. These key figures involvement in the events leading up to the Revolution provide an answer for why these figures’ loyalty resided with either Britain or the colonies. Benjamin Franklin was a key figure of the Patriot elite, supporting American independence only after many years of dedicated time and effort to the British Monarchy. Not only was he an important figure of British and American politics, helping draft both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States, but a successful inventor, scientist and printer. As a Patriot, unfair taxation, representation, limits on expansion and restrictions on personal liberties were the arguments they made prior to the Revolution. This group supported the independence from an impeding Britain. Franklin didn’t start out as a Patriot but a Loyalist with strong support for the British Monarchy. In his 1755 essay â€Å"Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling ofShow MoreRelatedBenjamin Franklin And The American Revolution1406 Words   |  6 PagesIn the American revolution, several men and women made great sacrifices for the liberty of the thirteen American colonies from British tyranny. Men and women of different walks of life gave their contributions in the forms of literature, propositions, and even their lives. 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As for the American Revolution, Benjamin Franklin influenced and created a huge contribution in his politics, scientifical research, andRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Benjamin Franklin1367 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Matheny HIST 2020 A.P. Tammy Prater 23 November 2014 Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is a detailed account of the illustrious experiences of Benjamin Franklin. Though the cultural differences in writing has changed since the 18th century one can learn a lot about one of America’s greatest forefathers through this book. It accounts for Franklin’s life when he was born January 17th, 1706 till the year 1757. Unfortunately, he died in 1790 and was never able to finishRead MoreEssay on Why I admire Benjamin Franklin706 Words   |  3 PagesBenjamin Franklin completed many accomplishments from childhood to adulthood. When he was just 22 he established his first printing business with a partner, Hugh Meredith. Benjamin soon bought out Hugh Merediths share. In 1732, when Franklin was only 26 he published the first edition of Poor Richards Almanack, the book shows evidence that it was successful for 25 years. Poor Richards Almanack allowed Franklin to retire from business a rich man in 1748. In 1741 Benjamin Franklin i nvented theRead MoreEssay on The Life of Benjamin Franklin1743 Words   |  7 PagesThe Life of Benjamin Franklin Of two things you can be certain; death and taxes, quoted Benjamin Franklin. Having a humorous outlook on life, Franklin tried to make others lives better. Benjamin was a man who served others and tried to make the world its best until his death. Benjamin Franklin had many accomplishments. He had a busy and eventful life, he played a major role in defending his country, and he was known for his quotes. Franklin was always working to make something better. Read MoreThe Benjamin Franklin1357 Words   |  5 PagesBenjamin Franklin In our American history many figures have left their mark, and are remembered still today. Benjamin Franklin was as famous as any president, but yet never elected to public office. He was one of the nation’s revolutionary founding fathers of all time. Benjamin Franklin was a respected hero of America of many talents and accomplishments. First of all, Benjamin Franklin was born at Boston in 1706. He was the tenth sibling in the family. He was the son of a soap and candle maker.Read MoreBenjamin FranklinS Contributions To The American History1537 Words   |  7 Pages Benjamin Franklin s contributions to the American history Benjamin Franklin has a significant impact to the American Revolution and the building of a new nation. His brilliant inventions throughout his life made a significant impact on the United States and will be remembered for them in U.S history. Franklin had inventions like the Franklins stove, and the lightning rod, he also discovered electricity. His inventions and discoveries have changed lives from the first day it was introduced.

The Return Midnight Chapter 9 Free Essays

string(25) " errand for your master\." Damon dropped his hand. He simply couldn’t make himself do it. Bonnie was weak, light-headed, a liability in combat, easy to confuse – That’s it, he thought. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Midnight Chapter 9 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’l use that! She’s so naive – â€Å"Let go for a second,†he coaxed. â€Å"So I can get the stave – â€Å" â€Å"No! You’l jump if I do! What’s a stave?†Bonnie said, al in one breath. – and stubborn, and impractical – Was the bril iant light beginning to flicker? â€Å"Bonnie,†he said in a low voice, â€Å"I am deadly serious here. If you don’t let go, I’l make you – and you won’t like that, I promise.† â€Å"Do what he says,†Meredith pleaded from somewhere quite close. â€Å"Bonnie, he’s going into the Dark Dimension! But you’re going to end up going with him – and you’l both be human slaves this time! Take my hand!† â€Å"Take her hand!†Damon roared, as the light definitely flickered, for an instant becoming less blinding. He could feel Bonnie shifting and trying to see where Meredith was, and then he heard her say, â€Å"I can’t – â€Å" And then they were fal ing. The last time they had traveled through a Gate they had been total y enclosed in an elevator-like box. This time they were simply flying. There was the light, and there were the two of them, and they were so blinded that somehow speaking didn’t seem possible. There was only the bril iant, fluctuating, beautiful light – And then they were standing in an al ey, so narrow that it just barely al owed the two of them to face each other, and between buildings so high that there was almost no light down where they were. No – that wasn’t the reason, Damon thought. He remembered that blood-red perpetual light. It wasn’t coming directly from either side of the narrow slit of al ey, which meant that they were basical y in deep burgundy twilight. â€Å"Do you realize where we are?†Damon demanded in a furious whisper. Bonnie nodded, seeming happy about having figured that out already. â€Å"We’re basical y in deep burgundy – â€Å" â€Å"Crap!† Bonnie looked around. â€Å"I don’t smel anything,†she offered cautiously, and examined the soles of her feet. â€Å"We are,†Damon said slowly and quietly, as if he needed to calm himself between every word, â€Å"in a world where we can be flogged, flayed, and decapitated just for stepping on the ground.† Bonnie tried a little hop and then a jump in place, as if diminishing her ground-interaction time might help them in some manner. She looked at him for further instructions. Quite suddenly, Damon picked her up and stared at her hard, as revelation dawned. â€Å"You’re drunk!†he final y whispered. â€Å"You’re not even awake! Al this while I’ve been trying to get you to see sense, and you’re a drunken sleepwalker!† â€Å"I am not!†Bonnie said. â€Å"And†¦just in case I am, you ought to be nicer to me. You made me this way.† Some distant part of Damon agreed that this was true. He was the one who’d gotten the girl drunk and then drugged her with truth serum and sleeping medicine. But that was simply a fact, and had nothing to do with how he felt about it. How he felt was that there was no possible way for him to proceed with this al -too-gentle creature along. Of course, the sensible thing would be to get away from her very quickly, and let the city, this huge metropolis of evil, swal ow her in its great, black-fanged maw, as it would most certainly do if she walked a dozen steps on its streets without him. But, as before, something inside him simply wouldn’t let him do it. And, he realized, the sooner he admitted that, the sooner he could find a place to put her and begin taking care of his own affairs. â€Å"What’s that?†he said, taking one of her hands. â€Å"My opal ring,†Bonnie said proudly. â€Å"See, it goes with everything, because it’s al colors. I always wear it; it’s casual or dress-up.†She happily let Damon take it off and examine it. â€Å"These are real diamonds on the sides?† â€Å"Flawless, pure white,†Bonnie said, stil proudly. â€Å"Lady Ulma’s fianceLucen made it so that if we ever needed to take the stones out and sel them – â€Å"She came up short. â€Å"You’re going to take the stones out and sel them! No! No no no no no!† â€Å"Yes! I have to, if you’re going to have any chance of surviving,†Damon said. â€Å"And if you say one more word or fail to do exactly as I tel you, I am going to leave you alone here. And then you wil die. â€Å"He turned narrowed, menacing eyes on her. Bonnie abruptly turned into a frightened bird. â€Å"Al right,†she whispered, tears gathering on her eyelashes. â€Å"What’s it for?† Thirty minutes later, she was in prison; or as good as. Damon had instal ed her in a second-story apartment with one window covered by rol er blinds, and strict instructions about keeping them down. He had pawned the opal and a diamond successful y, and paid a sour, humorless-looking landlady to bring Bonnie two meals a day, escort her to the toilet when necessary, and otherwise forget about her existence. â€Å"Listen,†he said to Bonnie, who was stil crying silently after the landlady had left them, â€Å"I’l try to get back to see you within three days. If I don’t come within a week it’l mean I’m dead. Then you – don’t cry! Listen! – then you need to use these jewels and this money to try to get al the way from here to here; where Lady Ulma wil stil be – we hope.† He gave her a map and a little moneybag ful of coins and gems left over from the cost of her bread and board. â€Å"If that happens – and I can pretty wel promise it won’t, your best chance is to try walking in the daytime when things are busy; keep your eyes down, your aura smal , and don’t talk to anyone. Wear this sacking smock, and carry this bag of food. Pray that nobody asks you anything, but try to look as if you’re on an errand for your master. You read "The Return: Midnight Chapter 9" in category "Essay examples" Oh, yes.†Damon reached into his jacket pocket and pul ed out two smal iron slave bracelets, bought when he had gotten the map. â€Å"Never take them off, not when you’re sleeping, not when you’re eating – never.† He looked at her darkly, but Bonnie was already on the threshold of a panic attack. She was trembling and crying, but too frightened to say a word. Ever since entering the Dark Dimension she’d been keeping her aura as smal as possible, her psychic defenses high; she didn’t need to be told to do that. She was in danger. She knew it. Damon finished somewhat more leniently. â€Å"I know it sounds difficult, but I can tel you that I personal y have no intention whatsoever of dying. I’l try to visit you, but getting across the borders of the various sectors is dangerous, and that’s what I may have to do to come here. Just be patient, and you’l be al right. Remember, time passes differently here than back on Earth. We can be here for weeks and we’l get back practical y the instant we set out. And, look† – Damon gestured around the room – â€Å"dozens of star bal s! You can watch al of them.† These were the more common kind of star bal , the kind that had, not Power in them, but memories, stories, or lessons. When you held one to your temple, you were immersed in whatever material had been imprinted on the bal . â€Å"Better than TV,†Damon said. â€Å"Much.† Bonnie nodded slightly. She was stil crushed, and she was so smal , so slight, her skin so pale and fine, her hair such a flame of bril iance in the dim crimson light that seeped through the blinds, that as always Damon found himself melting slightly. â€Å"Do you have any questions?†he asked her final y. Bonnie said slowly, â€Å"And – you’re going to be†¦?† â€Å"Out getting the vampire versions of Who’s Who and the Book of Peers,†Damon said. â€Å"I’m looking for a lady of quality.† After Damon had left, Bonnie looked around the room. It was horrible. Dark brown and just horrible! She had been trying to save Damon from going back into the Dark Dimension because she remembered the terrible way that slaves – who were mostly humans – were treated. But did he appreciate that? Did he? Not in the slightest! And then when she’d been fal ing through the light with him, she’d thought that at least they would be going to Lady Ulma’s, the Cinderel a-story woman whom Elena had rescued and who had then regained her wealth and status and had designed beautiful dresses so that the girls could go to fancy parties. There would have been big beds with satin sheets and maids who brought strawberries and clotted cream for breakfast. There would have been sweet Lakshmi to talk to, and gruff Dr. Meggar, and†¦ Bonnie looked around the brown room and the plain rush-fil ed pal et with its single blanket. She picked up a star bal listlessly, and then let it drop from her fingers. Suddenly, a great sleepiness fil ed her, making her head swim. It was like a fog rol ing in. There was absolutely no question of fighting it. Bonnie stumbled toward the bed, fel onto it, and was asleep almost before she had settled under the blanket. â€Å"It’s my fault far more than yours,†Stefan was saying to Meredith. â€Å"Elena and I were – deeply asleep – or he’d never have managed any part of it. I’d have noticed him talking with Bonnie. I’d have realized he was taking you hostage. Please don’t blame yourself, Meredith.† â€Å"I should have tried to warn you. I just never expected Bonnie to come running out and grab him,†Meredith said. Her dark gray eyes shimmered with unshed tears. Elena squeezed her hand, sick in the pit of her stomach herself. â€Å"You certainly couldn’t be expected to fight off Damon,†Stefan said flatly. â€Å"Human or vampire – he’s trained; he knows moves that you could never counter. You can’t blame yourself.† Elena was thinking the same thing. She was worried about Damon’s disappearance – and terrified for Bonnie. Yet at another level of her mind she was wondering at the lacerations on Meredith’s palm that she was trying to warm. The strangest thing was that the wounds appeared to have been treated – rubbed slick with lotion. But she wasn’t going to bother Meredith about it at a time like this. Especial y when it was real y Elena’s own fault. She was the one who had enticed Stefan the night before. Oh, they had been deep, al right – deep in each other’s minds. â€Å"Anyway, it’s Bonnie’s fault if it’s anyone’s,†Stefan said regretful y. â€Å"But now I’m worried about her. Damon’s not going to be inclined to watch out for her if he didn’t want her to come.† Meredith bowed her head. â€Å"It’s my fault if she gets hurt.† Elena chewed her lower lip. There was something wrong. Something about Meredith, that Meredith wasn’t tel ing her. Her hands were real y damaged, and Elena couldn’t figure out how they could have gotten that way. Almost as if she knew what Elena was thinking, Meredith slipped her hand out of Elena’s and looked at it. Looked at both her palms, side by side. They were equal y scratched and torn. Meredith bent her dark head farther, almost doubling over where she sat. Then she straightened, throwing back her head like someone who had made a decision. She said, â€Å"There’s something I have to tel you – â€Å" â€Å"Wait,†Stefan whispered, putting a hand on her shoulder. â€Å"Listen. There’s a car coming.† Elena listened. In a moment she heard it too. â€Å"They’re coming to the boardinghouse,†she said, puzzled. â€Å"It’s so early,†Meredith said. â€Å"Which means – â€Å" â€Å"It has to be the police after Matt,†Stefan finished. â€Å"I’d better go in and wake him up. I’l put him in the root cel ar.† Elena quickly corked the star bal with its meager ounces of fluid. â€Å"He can take this with him,†she was beginning, when Meredith suddenly ran to the opposite side of the Gate. She picked up a long, slender object that Elena couldn’t recognize, even with Power channeled to her eyes. She saw Stefan blink and stare at it. â€Å"This needs to go in the root cel ar too,†Meredith said. â€Å"And there are probably earth tracks coming out of the cel ar, and blood in the kitchen. Two places.† â€Å"Blood?†Elena began, furious with Damon, but then she shook her head and refocused. In the light of dawn, she could see a police car, cruising like some great white shark toward the house. â€Å"Let’s go,†Elena said. â€Å"Go, go, go!† They al dashed back to the boardinghouse, crouching to stay low to the ground as they did it. As they went, Elena hissed, â€Å"Stefan, you’ve got to Influence them if you can. Meredith, you try to clean up the soil and blood. I’l get Matt; he’s less likely to punch me when I tel him he has to hide.† They hastened to their appointed duties. In the middle of it al , Mrs. Flowers appeared, dressed in a flannel nightgown with a fuzzy pink robe over it, and slippers with bunny heads on them. As the first hammering knock on the door sounded, she had her hand on the door handle, and the police officer, who was beginning to shout, â€Å"POLICE! OPEN THE – â€Å"found himself bawling this directly over the head of a little old lady who could not have looked more frail or harmless. He ended almost in a whisper, † – door?† â€Å"It is open,†Mrs. Flowers said sweetly. She opened it to its widest, so that Elena could see two officers, and the officers could see Elena, Stefan, and Meredith, al of whom had just arrived from the kitchen area. â€Å"We want to speak to Matt Honeycutt,†the female officer said. Elena noted that the squad car was from the Ridgemont Sheriff’s Department. â€Å"His mother informed us that he was here – after serious questioning.† They were coming inside, shouldering their way past Mrs. Flowers. Elena glanced at Stefan, who was pale, with tiny beads of sweat visible on his forehead. He was looking intently at the female officer, but she just kept talking. â€Å"His mother says he’s been virtual y living at this boardinghouse recently,†she said, while the male officer held up some kind of paperwork. â€Å"We have a warrant to search the premises,†he said flatly. Mrs. Flowers seemed uncertain. She glanced back toward Stefan, but then let her gaze move on to the other teenagers. â€Å"Perhaps it would be best if I made everyone a nice cup of tea?† Stefan was stil looking at the woman, his face looking paler and more drawn than ever. Elena felt a sudden panic clutch at her stomach. Oh, God, even with the gift of her blood tonight, Stefan was weak – far too weak to even use Influence. â€Å"May I ask a question?†Meredith said in her low, calm voice. â€Å"Not about the warrant,†she added, waving the paper away. â€Å"How is it out there in Fel ‘s Church? Do you know what’s going on?† She was buying time, Elena thought, and yet everyone stopped to hear the answer. â€Å"Mayhem,†the female sheriff replied after a moment’s pause. â€Å"It’s like a war zone out there. Worse than that because it’s the kids who are – â€Å"She broke off and shook her head. â€Å"That’s not our business. Our business is finding a fugitive from justice. But first, as we were driving toward your hotel we saw a very bright column of light. It wasn’t from a helicopter. I don’t suppose you know anything about what it was?† Just a door through space and time, Elena was thinking, as Meredith answered, stil calmly, â€Å"Maybe a power transmitter blowing up? Or a freak shaft of lightning? Or are you talking about†¦a UFO?†She lowered her already soft voice. â€Å"We don’t have time for this,†the male sheriff said, looking disgusted. â€Å"We’re here to find this Honeycutt man.† â€Å"You’re welcome to look,†Mrs. Flowers said. They were already doing so. Elena felt shocked and nauseated on two fronts. â€Å"This Honeycutt man.†Man, not boy. Matt was over eighteen. Was he stil a juvenile? If not, what would they do to him when they eventual y caught up to him? And then there was Stefan. Stefan had been so certain, so†¦ convincing†¦in his announcements about being wel again. Al that talk about going back to hunting animals – but the truth was that he needed much more blood to recover. Now her mind spun into planning mode, faster and faster. Stefan obviously wasn’t going to be able to Influence both of those officers without a very large donation of human blood. And if Elena gave it†¦the sick feeling in her stomach increased and she felt the smal hairs on her body stand up†¦if she gave it, what were the chances that she would become a vampire herself? High, a cool, rational voice in her mind answered. Very high, considering that less than a week ago, she had been exchanging blood with Damon. Frequently. Uninhibitedly. Which left her with the only plan she could think of. These sheriffs wouldn’t find Matt, but Meredith and Bonnie had told her the whole story of how another Ridgemont sheriff had come, asking about Matt – and about Stefan’s girlfriend. The problem was that she, Elena Gilbert, had â€Å"died†nine months ago. She shouldn’t be here – and she had a feeling that these officers would be inquisitive. They needed Stefan’s Power. Right now. There was no other way, no other choice. Stefan. Power. Human blood. She moved to Meredith, who had her dark head down and cocked to one side as if listening to the two sheriffs clomping above on the stairs. â€Å"Meredith – â€Å" Meredith turned toward her and Elena almost took a step back in shock. Meredith’s normal y olive complexion was gray, and her breath was coming fast and shal owly. Meredith, calm and composed Meredith, already knew what Elena was going to ask of her. Enough blood to leave her out of control as it was being taken. And fast. That terrified her. More than terrified. She can’t do it, Elena thought. We’re lost. How to cite The Return: Midnight Chapter 9, Essay examples

Essay on Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Example For Students

Essay on Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was probably the greatest genius in Western musical history. He was born in Salzberg, Austria on January 27, 1756. The son of Leopold Mozart and his wife Anna Maria Pertl. Leopold was a successful composer and violinist and assistant concertmaster at the Salzberg court. At the age of three, Wolfgang showed signs of remarkable musical talent. He learned to play the harpsichord, a keyboard instrument related to the piano, at the age of four. Wolfgang began composing minuets at the age of five. When he was only six years old, he and his older sister, Anna Maria, embarked on a series of concert tours to Europe’s courts and major cities. They played for the Austrian Empress Maria Theresa at her court in Vienna in 1762. Both children played the keyboard, but Wolfgang became a violin virtuoso as well. Before he was fourteen, Mozart had composed many works called sonatas for the harpsichord, piano, or the violin as well as orchestral and other works. His father recognized Wolfgang’s amazing talent and devoted a lot of his time to his son’s general and musical education. Wolfgang never attended school; his father took him to concert tours through much of Europe. Wolfgang composed, gave public performances, met many musicians and played the organ in many churches. In 1769, like his father before him, he began working for the archbishop of Salzburg, who also ruled the province. The Mozarts often quarreled with the archbishop, partly because Wolfgang was often absent from Salzburg. The archbishop dismissed young Mozart in 1781. Mozart was actually glad to leave Salzburg, a small town, and seek his fortune in Vienna , one of the music capitals in Europe. By this time people tool less notice of him because he was no longer a child prodigy. However, he was a brilliant performer and active as an orchestrator. Much to his father’s dismay, Mozart married Constanze Weber from Germany in 1782. He did not have a regular job in Vienna and tried to earn a living by selling his compositions, giving public performances, and giving music lessons. None of these activities produced enough income to support his family. He even traveled to Germany for the coronation of a new emperor, but his concerts there did not attract as much attention as he had hoped. He died in poverty on December 5, 1791. He was given a cheap funeral at Saint Stephen’s Cathedral and buried in an unmarked grave at the cemetery of Saint Marx. Mozart excelled in almost every kind of musical composition. Several of his twenty-two operas gained worldwide recognition soon after his death, and they still please audiences all over the world. The Marriage of Figaro (1786) and Don Giovanni (1787) are operas he composed with words in Italian. The Magic Flute (1791) has German words. Each of these contains arias (beautiful melodies for singers), recitative (Rapidly sung dialogue), ensembles in which several people sing at the same time, and choruses. The orchestra provides an ever-changing expressive accompaniment. The drama ranges from comedy to tragedy. Mozart wrote over forty symphonies, many of which are performed today. Some originally were overtures (orchestral introductions) for operas, and last only a few minutes. His later symphonies, which are the most popular, are full-length orchestral compositions that last twenty to thirty minutes. Most of them consist of four sections. Mozart’s last and most famous symphony, N umber 41 (1788), is nicknamed the Jupiter. Mozart composed a great amount of church music, most of it for performance at the Salzburg Cathedral. He wrote Masses and shorter pieces called motets; and he set psalms to music, especially for the afternoon or evening service. The music is beautiful and varied. It includes choral and solo parts, usually with accompaniment by organ and orchestra. Mozart’s best-known sacred work is the Requiem (Mass for the Dead). He began it in the last year of his life and while writing it is said to have considered his own death. Parts of the Requiem were composed during his final illness. He died before the work was finished. Mozart wrote other, generally lighter, orchestral works, called serenades. Some were intended for outdoor performance. One has become well known as Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music, 1787). Mozart also wrote many compositions called concertos for a solo instrument such as the violin or piano, with orchestral accompaniment. He often played the solo part. Thr oughout his life Mozart composed chamber music works for a small number of instruments in which only one musician plays each part. .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d , .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .postImageUrl , .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d , .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d:hover , .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d:visited , .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d:active { border:0!important; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d:active , .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8e4a8195b8968a8234340e451441102d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Themes The Three Major Themes Are Love, Loyalty, A EssayMozart concentrated on string quartets (two violins, viola, and cello). He was influenced in this by Haydn, whose quartets he admired. He dedicated six quartets to Haydn. Mozart’s sonatas for piano and for violin and piano are outstanding. The piano was still fairly new and was widely played by amateurs. More than any other composer, Mozart helped to make the instrument popular. His melodies for piano had a singing, sustained quality, with gradual changes between soft and loud. In spite of his hardships and disappointments as a composer, much of Mozart’s music is cheerful and vigorous. He had a sense of humor and liked puns and practical jokes. He composed many lighter works. These compositions include the opera Cosi Fan Tutte (All Women Are Like That, 1790), much of his early instrumental music, and canons (rounds) with nonsense words. Mozart also produced deeply serious music. His most profound works include the piano concerto in D minor, several string quartets, the string quintet in G minor, and his last three symphonies E flat major, G minor, and the Jupiter. Larger works may contain both serious and light elements, as does Don Giovanni. Mozart belonged to the Order of Freemasons and wrote several compositions for their meetings. Some scenes from his fairy-tale opera The Magic Flute was inspired by Masonic traditions and beliefs. A catalog of Mozart’s works was first prepared by Ludwig Kochel (1800-1877), a German music lover. Today, Mozart’s works are still identified by the number Kochel assigned to them. Today Mozart’s music is well known and admired t hroughout the world. His compositions continue to exert a particular fascination for musicians and music lovers today. BIBLIOGRAPHY â€Å"Mozart, Wolfgang A.† Microsoft Encarta 97 Encyclopedia. 1993-1996 Microsoft Corporation. â€Å"Mozart, Wolfgang A.† Compton’s Encyclopedia Online v2.0 1997, The Learning Comany, Inc.

Why Polo Ralph Lauren Expand in Singapore free essay sample

Polo Ralph Lauren is known as a strong brand with a strictly American image. Consumers from around the world know the Polo brand and with the world becoming more and more Americanized there is much opportunity for the company to enter the growing Asian market. Summary The Polo Ralph Lauren brand was started by American entrepreneur Ralph Lauren in 1967. At the time he was working for a company called Beau Brummell Neckwear. Lauren designed an innovative tie that was wider than other ties on the market at the time. He then convinced Beau Brummell Neckwear to sell his ties inside the Empire State Building. The ties sold like crazy which led to the establishment of Polo Ralph Lauren. Lauren named the brand Polo after the popular horse racing sport because the sport represents prestige and elegance in the United States; a sport that only America’s noble and elite can play and afford. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Polo Ralph Lauren Expand in Singapore or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore, Ralph Lauren’s target customers were those who had an above average income. This is a desire and goal that Ralph Lauren was determined to meet with his Polo brand. In 1969 the company opened its first boutique store inside Bloomingdale’s, an Upper East Side New York department store. In 1971, the first stores of Polo Ralph Lauren fashion appeared in Beverly Hills, California. Ten years later Lauren became the first American designer open a shop in London. Cureently, Polo Ralph Lauren has grown to be a well-known brand, not only for tie but also for all fashion items particularly fashion for men. However the brand is not limited to only menswear. Polo also provides childrenswear, womenswear, swimwear, sportswear and even home decor items. Following this paragraph is a brief description of Polo Ralph Lauren’s top selling brands. Polo by Ralph Lauren: provides a complete menswear wardrobe with distribution through Ralph Lauren stores and Department stores. Polo Sport: A line of men’s active sportswear RLX Polo Sport: Complete in the sports apparel market by offering clothing for running, skilling, cycling etc. Polo Golf: This collection of men and women’s golf wear Blue Label: classic women’s weekend wear. Environmental Assessment The environmental analysis of a company allows the company to get a clearer picture of the threats and opportunities in the external environment of the company. From the results, the company can provide suitable strategies to exploit opportunities and eliminate threats. I have broken the business environment of Polo Ralph Lauren into 4 parts. Political and legal, economic, social and cultural, and technological. Political and Legal environment Public policy must always be considered when looking at the business environment. One of the reasons why Singapore was chosen over other Asian countries was because of its government stability. Singapore currently has many policies in place to support foreign business. They provide a stable economy with low interest and banking rates as well as a competitive tax system. Singapore also has no restrictions on foreign exchange management making it more convenient and for foreign investors to transfer capital and profits in and out of Singapore than in some of the other countries in Asia. The Singapore commercial law now contains other pro-business components. Foreign investors are not required to participate in the activities of joint venture or franchising. Singapore government also does not restrict foreign investors to protect their domestic industry for any reason. All of these factors help make company executives and investors alike to grow and develop their company in Singapore. Economic Environment Singapore is seen by most as a well developed country with a dynamic business environment. Business ideas can easily turn into the reality because of the countries flexible business environment, low history of corruption, high financial transparency and price stability. Also, the economy does not receive much interference from the government and it only the legal matters of setting up a business is usually taken care of in as little as 3 days to set up. Since 2002, the tariff has been stable and less than 1% which helps to increase business financing. There are also very few products are taxed in Singapore. According to the 2010 World Bank assessment of business environment, Singapore is considered easiest country in the world to start a business. Singapore also has been labeled the Worlds second most free country by The Heritage Foundation’s Index of Economic Freedom in 2010. Singapore’s stable economy is not highly affected by inflation rates and market fluctuations. This is a key factor Polo Ralph Lauren to succeed in Singapore’s market. Because the country is so developed, consumers are more likely to comfortably purchase a luxury brand item such as Polo Ralph Lauren. Social and Cultural Environment Singapore is located in the middle of South East Asia. Between countries such as Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei. Singapore is known as a trade center for Southeast Asia, which brings much diversity to the nations culture and social life. Based on the demographics alone, Singapore is filled with the multi- ethnic people and a wide variety of different cultures. Total population in Singapore was over 5 million this year. 7% of the population is Chinese, 14% Malaysian and just over 7% of the population is Indian. The diverse nationalities and cultures of Singapore have a drastic effect on the style and behavior of the people in Singapore. The traditional family values seem to still be in tact but the Western World is definitely having an impact on the country’s youth as it is in most of Asia. The strong western influ ence is what allows for the Polo Ralph Lauren company enter the Asian market and be succesful in the Asian market. American brands are seen as prestigious in Asia and Polo is one of America’s more prestigious brands. It is a must have for American’s so it will become a must have in Asian countries as well. Technological Environment Technology is so important to Polo Ralph Lauren’s success in Singapore. The development of information technology has played a significant role in creating innovative distribution strategies, media strategies, advertising strategies and so on. According to Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA), Total Internet Users in Singapore is well over three million which means that over three-fourths of the population has internet access. With the internet being so popular in Singapore it is easy for citizens to find product information as well as information about the current fashion trends. Currently about 10% of all Singaporean’s that use the internet use it for purchasing goods. As this number continues to grow more opportunities for companies to develop online catalogs and ordering systems will grow as well. Polo already has a website full of useful product information and also an online ordering system. The website currently operates in over thirty countries including Singapore. Opportunities and Threats Opportunities The Polo Ralph Lauren company has much opportunity to develop in Singapore and other parts of Asia. Economic theory says that the company will see their sales increase as the World’s economy continues to recover and the country of Singapore continues to develop. The rapid growth of the economy spend on shopping has greatly increased the standard of living of many Singaporean citizens and as a result people will spend more money while shopping. Singapore is becoming more and more of a tourist attraction. Many foreigners come from all over the world and while they are there they will shop. The key tourism drivers for Singapore are travel and Mice (meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions). In 2011, Singapore’s tourism industry welcomed over 3 million tourist, business, and MICE visitors. This generated revenue of over 6 million dollars. With Polo being such an attractive brand globally, the company can definitely benefit from Singapore’s tourists both business and leisure. Threats Polo Ralph Lauren’s products are marketed customers of middle and high-class. The key players in this market tend to be Tommy Hilfiger, Guess, and Calvin Klein, etc. Competitors have used some tools such as pricing, quality, and design. Because of this, Polo Ralph Lauren has expanded the range of its market. So it faces competition in each price point from discount to luxury. The price of Polo Ralph Lauren products tend to be more expensive than their competitors. For example: The new Lauren line will feature jackets from $230 to $250 and pants from $119 to $139, whereas Calvin Klein will offer pants and skirts at the price of $125. Competitive Analysis of the Industry Harvard Business School professor and author of many well known business strategy books Michael Porter designed what he calls the â€Å"Five forces† to analyze the competitive environment of a business. The five forces he lists are rivalry among existing firms, threat of new entrants, substitute products or services, bargaining power of suppliers and bargaining power of buyers. The stronger each of these forces the more competitive a company is in its industry. Rivalry among existing firms In most industries, corporations are mutually dependent. For a competitive movement of one firm, it can be expected to have a noticeable effect on its competitors and thus may cause retaliation† (Wheelen, 2010, pp159). Growth in the apparel industry will boost competition and help eliminate the weaker competitors. To be able to survive in the market, companies need to continuously improve product quality, keep up with the current trends and adapt to new customer care services. Polo is threatened by competition from Guess and Tommy Hilfiger. For the luxury range designers, Prada, Gucci and Versace are the direct competitors of Ralph Lauren. However, with the power of Ralph Lauren brands, loyal customers and designed in classic American style that allows it to mitigate the threat. Ralph Lauren targets the upper price point range where consumers are light price sensitive, so competition is less fierce. For the Polo Ralph Lauren, the threat of rivalry from competitors is moderate. Polo Ralph Lauren’s Top Competitors Giorgio Armani Calvin Klein Hermes DKNY Lacoste Armani Exchange DKNY Van Heusen DKNY RLX Prada Sport Nike, Reebok, Adidas, etc. Threat of new entrants â€Å"Normally, new entrants to an industry bring to it new capacity, a desire to gain market share and substantial resources. They are, therefore, threats to an established corporation. The threat of entry depends on the presence of entry barrier and the reaction that can be expected from existing competitors† (Wheelen, 2010, pp159). An entry barrier is created to prevent a company to enter an industry. It requires considerable resources to launch market and distribute products in this industry, not to mention a recognizable brand. There are many difficult factors for new entrants such as suppliers, distributor’s channels, product diversification, product differentiation and the ability to negotiate with retailers. Thus, they must spend large amounts of time and money on building brand loyalty and raising customer knowledge. With a strong reputation, the risk for new entrants of Ralph Lauren is considered to be low. Threat of substitute products and services â€Å"A substitute product is a product with some differences but can satisfy the same need as another product† (Wheelen, 2010, pp160). With the numerous brands at different price points ranging from the low end to the high-end black and purple label, the companys products can meet all the needs of customers. It is considered that the threat of substitutes for Polo Ralph Lauren would be low since there are no considerable apparel substitutes that would cause customers to switch to another industry. Bargaining power of suppliers â€Å"Influences of suppliers come from their ability to raise prices or reduce the quality of purchased goods and services† (Wheelen, 2010, pp159). In a diverse market, if the numbers of suppliers is smaller to supply a variety of customers, suppliers will have relative power that can be used to influence price. Supplier’s power in some aspects of this industry is high since a large portion of Ralph Lauren revenue comes from licenses. Therefore, the financial viability and operational ability of licensees are depended on by Polo Ralph Lauren. The same applies to many of Ralph Lauren’s manufacturers in Asia which are affected by the potential of political instability or workers rights violations. Generally, the threat of suppliers is high since major brands compete for manufacturers and switch manufacturers is costly. Bargaining power of buyers The customer is the key factor in the buying process. They decide where to buy the product and the price they want to pay for it. They can choose what to buy and from what company. Therefore, the companies should create value and set a price that the customer is willing to pay Buyers affect an industry through their capacity to reduce the prices, deal for higher quality or more services, and even play competitors against each other. Polo Ralph Lauren’s revenue mainly stems from wholesale that supplies its products through several department stores in the wholesale channel. When the buyers order products, depending on the quantity they could integrate backwards and control this channel of distribution, hence the threat of buyers can be considered moderate. The revenue of retail segment is about 45. 5% of Ralph Laurens total revenue in Fiscal Year 2010 as retail sales grew to $2. 2 billion. Ralph Laurens retail segment runs through the chain of 326 retail and factory outlet stores as well as online stores. The individual buyer has no influence on the price of the products offered. Core Competencies of Polo Ralph Lauren (How) Jay Barney is considered to be the father of the modern Resource- Based View. According to his theory companies can sustain a competitive advantage through heterogeneity of firm- level differences. So in order to maximize returns, companies must change the mode of management selection strategies with the important task of indentifying and developing and deploying key sources. Value: when they enable a firm to conceive or implement strategies that improves its efficiency of effectiveness. It allows the firm to differentiate products or services and create unique value. Polo Ralph Lauren is a strong brand that has been known for many years by many consumers. Companies earned higher profits from their products than other appeal companies because of the loyalty associated with the brand. Customers not only bought products designed good brands but also have products with high quality that are designed based on the classic American style but still very elegant and durable. Polo Ralph Lauren has a variety of products at different price points from popular products to the high- level design. Rare: valuable firm resources possessed by large number of competing firms cannot be sources of either a competitive advantage or a sustainable competitive advantage. Competitors do not have access to the resource. Good quality has created long-term reputation for Ralph Lauren. Polo Ralph Lauren has a very wide range of products but each one has lasted for years, their craftsmanship is very hard to find. The company also has special product lines such as products designed specifically for the Olympic Games or Ralph Lauren Polo handmade woven design silk tie which cannot be found in other companies. Imperfectly inimitable: because of a combination of the following: unique historical conditions, causally ambiguous, social complex. Competitors cannot easily copy or reproduce the resource. Popular branding consultant Scott Davis stated in his book Building the Brand that â€Å"Lauren apparel becomes part of who the customer is by striking a deep emotional chord with that customer. Ralph Lauren’s customers feel good about themselves†. The emotional value aims the brand transcend other brands. Other companies can be able to copy the design of Polo Ralph Lauren products but not the feeling. Currently, the products of Polo Ralph Lauren still remain as one of the industry’s most powerful design and it is favored by the general public. Non- substitutable: There must not be strategically equivalent valuable resources in terms of rareness or imitatibility. Equivalent resources that may allow for a similar strategy are not readily available. Fashion is a part of lifestyle, Polo Ralph Laurens products have created the excitement for consumers through the design and its brand thus these products must reflect the consistency and long-term use. The feelings and experiences are not easily forgotten. The objective of the company is constantly creating a change in style but not losing their uniqueness. The theories listed will definitely aid Polo Ralph Lauren as they continue to expand on the Singapore market. Playing off their image as a uniquely American luxury brand is in their best interest while the world is becoming more Americanized. Works Cited Barney, Jay B. , and Delwyn N. Clark. Resource-based Theory: Creating and Sustaining Competitive Advantage. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007. Print. Events. Welcome to WorldBank Group. World Bank Group, n. d. Web. 24 Apr. 2013. lt;http://web. worldbank. org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/0,,pagePK:158889~piPK:146815~theSitePK:223547,00. htmlgt;. IDA Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore. IDA Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore. Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore, n. d. Web. 24 Apr. 2013. lt;http://www. ida. gov. sg/gt;. Please Select Your Location. Cal vin Klein. Calvin Klein, n. d. Web. 24 Apr. 2013. lt;http://explore. calvinklein. com/en_US/gt;. Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation (RL) Financial and Strategic SWOT Analysis Review. Researchandmarkets. com. Research and Markets, Mar. 2012. Web. 25 Apr. 2013. lt;http://www. researchandmarkets. com/reports/1291183/polo_ralph_lauren_corporation_rl_financial. pdfgt;. Ralph Lauren. Ralph Lauren. Polo Ralph Lauren, n. d. Web. 24 Apr. 2013. lt;http://www. ralphlauren. com/gt;. Wheelen, Thomas L. , and J. David Hunger. Concepts in Strategic Management and Business Policy: Achieving Sustainability. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2010

Individual Advancement vs Democracy essays

Individual Advancement vs Democracy essays "God helps them that help themselves" (Poor Richards Almanack, 722), a phrase commonly quoted from "Poor Richard's Almanacks", illustrates the types of selfishness often seen during Benjamin Franklin's time. Or does it? Is wanting and striving for a better self so bad? Would the reader of such phrase think to himself "Wow, the author is really self-absorbed" or "The author must be a hard worker who values self improvement"? Either way, the real question is why doesn't it say "..... those that help others" instead "..... them that help themselves". You are taught as a young child the importance of thinking of others first and group effort. It is continuously reinforced throughout all areas of your life, including school and work. Everyone knows that at some time or another in your life you won't be able to do everything by yourself. In other words, you'll need others and this is where the democratic community comes in. However during the 18th century, this was not the point. The freedom of self-government we had struggled so hard and long for had become no more than a night's dream erased by the morning sun. Democracy and self-advancement were in a race for the gold as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Nathaniel Hawthorne thought. Benjamin Franklin's ideas begged to differ. He felt as though the democratic community and growing the ideology of individual advancement (Individualism and/vs. Community, 1306) could coexist together. Franklin, having risen from poverty, felt that he wouldn't have been able to be a man of such distinction if it had not been for Government that encouraged the advancement of self. He felt that without a Government no one man could be content with themselves or their works. He even goes as far as to promote America to foreigners in one essay. He says that "Strangers are welcome, because there is room enough for them all, and therefore the old Inhabitants are not jealous of them; the Laws protect them ...

Live Theatrical Professional Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Live Theatrical Professional Performance - Essay Example That too at a podium designed for all; young, old, abled or a little less of it! I visited the festival on the 15th of July, the very first day of the performance when the actors are all totally charged to leave no stone unturned for their first act on the stage. I went a little before time to enjoy the ambience of the festival. . The park with its slides and the fountain at the pillar in the centre of the lawn was quite inviting. You see kiddos running around with faces painted of flowers and butterflies, the hustle bustle at the stage of the last minute setting of properties and checking lights and sound. The pillar with the four faces of the laughing beast facing each direction only went on to call One and All further. Hamlet is one of Shakespeare’s popular works, is also his longest play with its innumerous soliloquies as also one of his most influential tragedies in English literature. Hamlet was presented by Globe Players, now in its sixth year. What we saw on stage, was the cumulative effort of six weeks of intensive training program. All of 15-18 in age, these teenagers assumed such seasoned roles with grit and an endearing innocence. Kentucky Shakespeare Festival veteran Matt Wallace directed the play having to his tune Patrick Zakem playing the title role of Hamlet, Christina Sauer as his mother Gertrude, Collin Sage as the vicious Uncle Claudius, Courtney Hardesty as the vulnerable Ophelia, Collin Jones as Polonious, Mitchell Martin as the faithful friend Horatio, and Ryan Burch as the misled brother and son Laertes. Many in the audience must have been first timers for Shakespeare. The intensive Victorian language that he employs is considered too cerebral. Add to it the plot of Hamlet is grim with a son’s suspicion of whether his Uncle killed his father, a fact told to him by a ghost! However that’s where this evening

Different Points of View of Vietnam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Different Points of View of Vietnam - Essay Example Different documents on Vietnam from 1945 when it gained independence from the French through the early 1970s shows different points of view regarding decolonization, national, liberation, and global cold war standoffs. It is imperative to note that â€Å"as decolonization coincided with the Cold War, the two global phenomena had a close and interrelated history, with each influencing the context and character of the other† Nelson and Ellenberger, 427). â€Å"In September 1945, the same month that World War II officially ended, Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969) declared both Vietnamese independence and the establishment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam† (Nelson and Ellenberger, 447). Vietnam gained its independence in 1945. However, the French did not recognize that they had lost Vietnam as one of the colonies. This was not until 1954 when the French fully withdrew from Vietnam. In the early 1940s, Japanese were gaining more superiority in Vietnam than the French (Lawrence). When the people of Vietnam gained independence in 1945, this was confusing since it was not clear whether they had gained independence from the Japanese or the French. This is what eventually made the French not to accept that their rule in Vietnam had been withdrawn until in 1954 when they fully withdrew (Heiss, 25). The people of Vietnam were highly mobilized in 1945 when the declaration of independence was passed. This motivated them to engage in postwar aimed at driving the French home. Guerilla warfare was the only tactic that could work because the French had comparatively stronger military troops together with superior weapons. By 1954, there were many people who had been killed including French and Vietnamese. Decolonization shifted the war from the French to South Vietnam. The dreams of the people had not yet been achieved.  

Unitary matrix

Unitary matrix INTRODUCTION Unitary matrix In mathematics, a unitary matrix is an n by n complex matrix U satisfying the condition where , is the identity matrix in n dimensions and , is the conjugate transpose (also called the Hermitian adjoint) of U. Note this condition says that a matrix U is unitary if and only if it has an inverse which is equal to its conjugate transpose A unitary matrix in which all entries are real is an orthogonal matrix. Just as an orthogonal matrix G preserves the (real) inner product of two real vectors, so also a unitary matrix U satisfies for all complex vectors x and y, where stands now for the standard inner product on If is an n by n matrix then the following are all equivalent conditions: is unitary is unitary the columns of form an orthonormal basis of with respect to this inner product the rows of form an orthonormal basis of with respect to this inner product is an isometry with respect to the norm from this inner product U is a normal matrix with eigenvalues lying on the unit circle. A square matrix is a unitary matrix if where denotes the conjugate transpose and is the matrix inverse. For example, is a unitary matrix. Unitary matrices leave the length of a complex vector unchanged. For real matrices, unitary is the same as orthogonal. In fact, there are some similarities between orthogonal matrices and unitary matrices. The rows of a unitary matrix are a unitary basis. That is, each row has length one, and their Hermitian inner product is zero. Similarly, the columns are also a unitary basis. In fact, given any unitary basis, the matrix whose rows are that basis is a unitary matrix. It is automatically the case that the columns are another unitary basis. The definition of a unitary matrix guarantees that where is the identity matrix. In particular, a unitary matrix is always invertible, and . Note that transpose is a much simpler computation than inverse. A similarity transformation of a Hermitian matrix with a unitary matrix gives Unitary matrices are normal matrices. If is a unitary matrix, then the permanen The unitary matrices are precisely those matrices which preserve the Hermitian inner product Also, the norm of the determinant of is . Unlike the orthogonal matrices, the unitary matrices are connected. If then is a special unitary matrix. The product of two unitary matrices is another unitary matrix. The inverse of a unitary matrix is another unitary matrix, and identity matrices are unitary. Hence the set of unitary matrices form a group, called the unitary group. Properties Of unitary matrix All unitary matrices are normal, and the spectral theorem therefore applies to them. Thus every unitary matrix U has a decomposition of the form Where V is unitary, and ÃŽ £ is diagonal and unitary. That is, a unitary matrix is diagonalizable by a unitary matrix. For any unitary matrix U, the following hold: U is invertible. | det (U) | = 1. is unitary. U preserves length U has complex eigenvalues of modulus 1. It follows from the isometry property that all eigenvalues of a unitary matrix are complex numbers of absolute value 1 (i.e., they lie on the unit circle centered at 0 in the complex plane). For any n, the set of all n by n unitary matrices with matrix multiplication forms a group. Any matrix is the average of two unitary matrices. As a consequence, every matrix M is a linear combination of two unitary matrices (depending on M, of course). Unitary group In mathematics, the unitary group of degree n, denoted U(n), is the group of nÃâ€"n unitary matrices, with the group operation that of matrix multiplication. The unitary group is a subgroup of the general linear group GL (n, C). In the simple case n = 1, the group U(1) corresponds to the circle group, consisting of all complex numbers with absolute value 1 under multiplication. All the unitary groups contain copies of this group. The unitary group U(n) is a real Lie group of dimension n2. The Lie algebra of U(n) consists of complex nÃâ€"n skew-Hermitian matrices, with the Lie bracket given by the commutator. The general unitary group (also called the group of unitary similitude) consists of all matrices A such that A * A is a nonzero multiple of the identity matrix, and is just the product of the unitary group with the group of all positive multiples of the identity matrix.

Serial Killers Essay

Why do some people kill other people? More importantly, why do some people enjoy killing lots of people just for the fun of it? This is a basic description of what a serial killer is. But what possesses these human beings to commit such heinous crimes? Some say that genetics are responsible, while others blame the environment that the killers grew up in. The causes of psychopathy remain a mystery. We don’t even have a reasonable answer to the question of whether psychopathy is a product of Mother Nature or a part of upbringing. One of the best sources of information about whether traits are a result or nature of nurture comes from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, a project originally led by Minnesota Professor of Psychology Thomas Joseph Bouchard, Jr. This study has shown that psychopathy is 60 percent heritable, which indicates that psychopathic traits are due more to DNA than to upbringing. Recent genetic studies of twins imply that identical twins may not be as genetically similar as previously assumed. Though only a couple hundred mutations take place throughout early fetal development, the mutations are likely to multiply over the years, leading to infinite genetic differences. This leaves open the possibility that psychopathic traits are largely genetically determined. Another factor pointing towards the idea that psychopathy is genetically determined was identified by in a study at University of Wisconsin, Madison. When dealing with the terrible notion that some people take pride in murdering others, one should expect some abnormality in the brain, the immediate source of psychopathic traits. Scans of the brain revealed that psychopathy in criminals was associated with reduced connectivity between the amygdala, a part of the brain that processes negative stimuli, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), a region in the front of the brain that deciphers the r eaction from the amygdala. When the connection between these two areas is low, processing of negative stimuli in the amygdala does not translate into any strongly felt negative emotions. This fits well into the picture we have of psychopaths. They do not feel nervous or embarrassed  when they are caught doing something bad. They do not feel sad when other people suffer. They are incapable of experiencing empathy and love. Even though they can feel physical pain, they themselves are not in a position to suffer from emotions hurts. The Wisconsin, Madison study shows a relationship between criminal psychopathy and brain abnormality. As this brain abnormality in the majority of cases of psychopathic criminals is not abruptly acquired, there is good reason to think that it’s grounded in the psychopath’s DNA. There are, however, some limitations of the study because it measured criminal psychopaths, but not all psychopaths are criminals. Everyday you walk by people who are aggressive, narcissistic, manipulative, and impulsive. They may be considered psychopaths, but they were able to move away from fantasies of murder and destruction. Another limitation of the study is that it doesn’t show that reduced activity between the amygdala and vmPFC is an irregularity specifically connected to psychopathy rather than to a range of mental disorders that have been associated with severe crimes, including paranoid schizophrenia and extreme sexual fetishes. And though the Wisconsin study sheds some light on what may bring about the traits of psychopathy, it still remains puzzling. We don’t know the reason behind the reduced connectivity in the emotional system. It could be caused by a dysfunction of neurotransmitters, for example, by a disturbance to the main excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Or it could be a degenerative disease that leads to a reduction of the brain’s white matter, which is responsible for connectivity among neurons. We may never actually know. What we do know, or at least understand, is that a disproportionate number of serial killers exhibit one, two, or all three of the Macdonald triad of predictors for future violent behavior. These being: Animal Cruelty, Pyromania, and Bed Wetting. Torturing animals is an incredible red flag, whether you’re trying to find a killer or not. Animals are often seen as â€Å"practice† for killing real human beings. Jeffery Dahmer, the â€Å"Milwaukee Cannibal†, was notorious for his animal cruelty, cutting off the heads of dogs and placing them on a stick behind his house. Ed Kemper, â€Å"The Co-ed Killer†, buried the family cat while it was still alive, dug it up again, and then finished by cutting off its head. But not all serial killers take their angers out on pets. Dennis Nilsen, otherwise known as the â€Å"Muswell  Hill Murderer† and the â€Å"Kindly Killer†, loved animals, especially his dog Bleep. Rapist torturer and murderer of eight, â€Å"Beauty Queen Killer† Christopher Wilder had made donations to Save The Whales and the Seal Rescue Fund. Nevertheless, the majority of multiple murderers have, at some point in their lives, tortured and/or killed an innocent, non-human creature. But this pain suffered by animals is not the only warning sign out there. â€Å"Oh, what ecstasy,† said American serial killer Joseph Kallinger, â€Å"setting fires brings to my body! What power I feel at the thought of fire! †¦ Oh, what pleasure, what heavenly pleasure!† Pyromania, an impulse control disorder where someone constantly fails to resist the desire to deliberately start fires in order to relieve tension or for instant gratification, is often a sexually stimulating activity for these killers. Known as both â€Å"The Vampire of Dà ¼sseldorf† and the â€Å"Dà ¼sseldorf Monster†, Peter Kurten enjoyed watching houses burn, and David Berkowitz (Son of Sam), when he tired of torturing his mother’s parakeet, became a prolific pyromaniac, keeping record of his 1,411 fires. The vivid damage of property feeds the same perverse need to end the life of another human. Because serial killers don’t see people as more than objects, the leap between setting fires and killing people is simple and easy to make. The last of Macdonald triad, bed wetting, is the most intimate of these symptoms, and is less likely to be intentionally revealed. By some estimates, 60% of multiple murderers wet their beds past adolescence. Kenneth Bianchi, one of the â€Å"Hillside Strangers†, apparently spent many a night marinating in urine-soaked sheets. Though these â€Å"symptoms† may be present in serial killers, they are not confirmed to be the root cause of multiple murders. What happens during adolescence may play a role in the molding of a serial killer, but it can’t be the sole reason in every case. Many killers blame their families for their behavior, seeking sympathy. It is true psychopathic fashion. Serial killers more often than not blame someone else for their disturbing actions. But if their bad childhood is the primary reason for their homicidal tendencies, then why don’t their siblings also become serial killers? And if these conditions truly molded them, serial killers would probably be everywhere by now. We must look at other components to see what pushes a serial killer over the edge. What is it that pulls the trigger? Experts in studying serial killers have named the triggers that set off the psychopath’s murderous actions, a â€Å"stressor†. â€Å"Stressors† are events that prompt the killer into action. They can be simple or complicated ranging from arguments, physical injury, or the loss of a job to parental conflict, financial stress, marital problems, legal problems, or stress from a death. As the killer struggles with frustration, anger, and resentment, the fantasies of killing can surpass reality. Christopher Wilder (Beauty Queen killer) claims his murderous rampage began after his marriage proposal was rejected. According to Joel Norris, author of several books about Serial Killers, there are seven phases of the serial killer’s cycle: 1) The Aura Phase, where the killer starts to lose grip on reality; 2) The Trolling Phase, when the killer hunts for a victim; 3) The Wooing Phase, where the killer lures his victim in; 4) The Capture Phase, where the victim is cau ght; 5) The Murder phase, which is the emotional and possibly sexual high for killers; 6) The Totem phase, when the excitement from the kill starts to fade and they wake from their fantasy; and finally, 7) The Depression Phase, which happens after the murder has occurred. The killer-to-be starts with the Aura Phase, where they begin to lose reality and their senses heighten. This is when the killer distances himself (or herself) from social interactions. Nevertheless, anyone who encounters this person may not be able to notice his or her change in personality. The killer becomes antisocial and believes life no longer has meaning to them. This phase could last anywhere from a few moments to a few months and can originate as an extended fantasy that often include sadism, sex, and/or other violent acts, which most likely stem from early childhood experiences. These may have been active for a short time or for years. The killer might attempt to medicate themselves with alcohol or drugs, which usually leads to an intensification of the fantasies. But soon enough, they have the urge to be acted upon. This leads us into the second stage, the Trolling Phase. Here, the killer tries to find a victim. Most serial killers will search for a victim in places he is comfortable in or where he knows the area (the â€Å"comfort zone† may be around where the killer lives). Their hunting ground usually tends to  be in schoolyards, lovers lanes, or even red light districts. They will also look for a particularly discreet location to commit the murder, and a perfect place to dump the bodies. The hunting can go on for hours, days, and sometimes months before the â€Å"perfect† victim will be found. Also during this phase, the serial killer often follows a behavior pattern used to identify and stalk his victim. This explains why Ted Bundy strapped his arm in a sling and asked for help with books, packages, or even the hull of a sailboat to lure the victim into his car. Some victims escaped and said he never seemed out of control until the moment he actually attacked them. This goes along with how well a psychopath can cover up his true intentions. They aren’t dumb, but they also aren’t always careful. In the Wooing Phase, the killer tries to win the confidence of a victim before luring them into a trap. This phase is only done by organized killers who are much more confident, much more daring, and have better social skills than disorganized killers. They try to socialize with the victim and – as stated before – try to gain the victim’s trust. This is a very important phase because it can be noted that organized killers often seem to only kill those who allow them to get in close. Once the trust is received, the killer will then lure the victim to a quiet, secluded area where they then uncover their mask and move on to the next part of their plan. The fourth stage is the Capture Phase. This is where the killer reveals what they are. The capture of the victim can be as swift as snapping a handcuff on the victim’s wrists, or a violent blow that leaves the victim helpless. The killer may draw their victim into their car without a door handle one could use as an escape. They usually savor this moment, which is disturbingly fun for them and fuels their sadistic needs. The victim is usually transported to a new location, far out from people and help. Once the killer is sure that the victim has no way to escape, they move to the climax phase of the cycle, the actual murder. The Murder Phase is described as â€Å"the ritual reenactment of the disastrous experiences of the killer’s childhood†, but this time the roles are reversed. The killer may decide to kill their victim instantly or torture them, try to revive them on the brink of death and then continue with the torture. This gives them a strong sense of power over the helpless victim, putting them in a God like position, being the one who decides if  they live or die (usually ending in the latter). A disorganized killer is more likely to kill the victim instantly by a powerful attack or a quick strangulation. It is likely that the corpse is heavily â€Å"depersonalized† by mutilations of face and body. Any violent acts such as rape are often taken place after the victim is dead which is fueled by necrophilia, the attraction to the dead. It’s the organized killer who commits a much slower and more painful murder act. The victim is more likely to be tortured and raped before death. The act of killing is usually delayed because the murder itself is often not the motive of the crime; but rather, it’s the torturing that the killer enjoys most. This is especially true in sadistic killers, the most organized of all killers. This type will keep their victims alive as long as possible, sometimes reviving them from injuries, and keep them alive enough to feel the pain from the tortures. The sexual sadistic killers will use different equipment or their â€Å"murder kit†, to inflict the most pain. Eventually, the killer will finish with the torture and finally proceed to kill. The second-to-last phase is the Totem Phase. After the kill, the excitement the killer feels suddenly declines as he wakes up from his fantasy. He is likely to become depressed, which is why some serial killers develop a ritual to preserve their murder. They may collect some of their victim’s possessions such as clothes, save news clippings about their crimes, take pictures or videotape the crime. Some even cut off their victim’s body parts to preserve and/or consume them. These are their trophies and are meant to give the murderer the same feelings of power they experienced at the time of the kill and to remind himself/herself that the fantasy is real, and he/she really did fulfill it. We reach the end of the cycle at the Depression Phase. This can last for days, weeks, or even months. They may even become so depressed that they attempt suicide. A dead victim no longer represents what the killer thought he or she represented, and the memory of the individual that tortured the murderer in the past is still there. It can be said that the first kill is the only one where the killer feels at his best. They may try to get that feeling back with each subsequent kill, but the moment will forever be gone. In each subsequent murder, he attempts to make the scene of the crime equal to the fantasy. It’s noted that there is an absence of the killer’s sense of self and, during this phase, the killer may confess to the police before the fantasies  start once more. However, because victims are not seen as people, memories of the murders may be vague or viewed by the killer as having watched someone else. Eventually, the killer will fall back into their fantasies and proceed to restart the cycle. After each murder, the fantasy will become more real and the murder will become more brutal as the cycle continues on and on until the pattern gets interrupted. Interruption includes getting caught, or when the killer is â€Å"burnt out.† When the killer is â€Å"burnt out,† he/she withdraws from killing, and possibly commits suicide. This is one of the reasons why there are so many unsolved serial murder cases. However, the chances are that the killer will not stop killing on his/her own. Serial killing is an addiction, a sickness that cannot be cured. It can be studied, it can be stopped one-by-one, but human nature dictates that killers will exist as long as our minds cannot be contained, and so; Serial Killers Will Never Go Extinct. Www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-superhuman-mind/201212/the-making-serial-killer Www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/notorious/tick/victims_1.html Www.theravive.com/research/examination-of-the-psychology-of-serial-killers Dahmer, Lionel. Father’s Story Egger, Steven. Killers Among Us Everitt, David, and Harold Schechter. A To Z Encyclopedia of Serial Killers Jennifer Furio The Serial Killer Letters: A Penetrating Look Inside the Minds of Murderers. The Charles Press Publishers, 1998. Leyton, Elliott. Hunting Humans; Inside the Mind of Mass Murderers Martingale, Moira. Cannibal Killers Meloy, J. Reid. Psychopathic Mind; Origins, Dynamics, and Treatment Norris, Joel. Serial Killers: The Growing Menace Seltzer, Mark. Serial Killers Richard Tithecott Of Men and Monsters: Jeffrey Dahmer and the Construction of